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Aerobic granular sludge formation based on substrate availability: Effects of flow pattern and fermentation

Quan Yuan, Hui Gong, Hao Xi, Kaijun Wang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1226-0

Abstract: Penetration depth and substrate characters affect AGS formation and performance.The relationship between substrate gradient and particle size affects AGS stability.and plug-flow) and fermentation pretreatment on aerobic granular sludge (AGS) formation with various substrate

Keywords: Anaerobic plug-flow feeding mode     Anaerobic mixed-flow mode     Fermentation pretreatment     Substrate gradient    

Effect of streambed substrate on macroinvertebrate biodiversity

DUAN Xuehua, WANG Zhaoyin, TIAN Shimin

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 1,   Pages 122-128 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0023-y

Abstract: Numerous studies have shown that substrate is the primary physical environmental variable affecting theThe aim of this work is to study the effects of the characteristics of streambed substrate, such as grainassemblage is significantly affected by the grain size, porosity and interstitial dimension of the substrate

Keywords: Substrata     physical environmental     indicator     ecology     substrate    

prediction and optimization design of sustainable concrete based on squirrel search algorithm-extreme gradient

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering   Pages 1310-1325 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0997-3

Abstract: traditional compressive strength test, this study combines five novel metaheuristic algorithms with extreme gradientThe results indicated that the squirrel search algorithm-extreme gradient boosting (SSA-XGB) yielded

Keywords: sustainable concrete     fly ash     slay     extreme gradient boosting technique     squirrel search algorithm    

Vibration analysis of nano-structure multilayered graphene sheets using modified strain gradient theory

Amir ALLAHBAKHSHI,Masih ALLAHBAKHSHI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2015, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 187-197 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0339-9

Abstract:

In this paper, for the first time, the modified strain gradient theory is used as a new size-dependentAfter obtaining the governing equations based on modified strain gradient theory via principle of minimum

Keywords: graphene     van der Waals (vdW) force     modi- fied strain gradient elasticity theory     size effect parameter    

V-shaped substrate for surface and volume enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis of microplastics

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 11, doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1578-8

Abstract:

● V-shaped substrate was obtained for SERS analysis of microplastics

Keywords: SERS     V-shaped     AAO     Microplastic     Atmospheric aerosol    

Velocity gradient elasticity for nonlinear vibration of carbon nanotube resonators

Hamid M. SEDIGHI, Hassen M. OUAKAD

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 6,   Pages 1520-1530 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0672-x

Abstract: undertake two models to capture the nanostructure nonlocal size effects: the strain and the velocity gradientThe structural nonlinear behavior of the system assuming both strain and velocity gradient theories is

Keywords: velocity gradient elasticity theory     nanotube resonators     differential-quadrature method     nonlinear vibration    

Elastic modulus and thermal stress in coating during heat cycling with different substrate shapes

Daniel GAONA,Alfredo VALAREZO

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2015, Volume 10, Issue 3,   Pages 294-300 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0351-0

Abstract: Several samples fabricated with aluminum as the substrate and 100MXC nanowire (Fe and Cr alloy) as theAn example of a turbine-blade-shaped substrate is presented to validate the approach.

Keywords: in-plane     Young’s modulus     curvature temperature     thermal stress     coating    

Predicting shear strength of slender beams without reinforcement using hybrid gradient boosting trees

Thuy-Anh NGUYEN; Hai-Bang LY; Van Quan TRAN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 10,   Pages 1267-1286 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0842-0

Abstract: Gradient Boosting (GB) technique was developed and evaluated in combination with three different optimization

Keywords: slender beam     shear strength     gradient boosting     optimization algorithms    

Gradient-based compressive image fusion

Yang CHEN,Zheng QIN

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2015, Volume 16, Issue 3,   Pages 227-237 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400217

Abstract: We present a novel image fusion scheme based on gradient and scrambled block Hadamard ensemble (SBHE)In the fusion phase, the image gradient is calculated to reflect the abundance of its contour informationBy compositing the gradient of each image, gradient-based weights are obtained, with which compressiveSimulation results demonstrate that the gradient-based scheme has the best performance, in terms of bothFurthermore, the gradient-based fusion scheme proposed in this paper can be applied in different fusion

Keywords: Compressive sensing (CS)     Image fusion     Gradient-based image fusion     CS-based image fusion    

Crk-associated substrate, vascular smooth muscle and hypertension

TANG Dale

Frontiers of Medicine 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 323-331 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0062-6

Abstract: Crk-associated substrate (CAS), the first discovered member of the adapter protein CAS family, has been

Keywords: Contraction stimulation     phosphatase-proline     molecular structure     discovered     hypertension    

Influence of freeze–thaw damage gradient on stress–strain relationship of stressed concrete

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering   Pages 1326-1340 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0014-x

Abstract: Influence of freeze–thaw damage gradient on stress–strain relationship of stressed concrete

Keywords: strain relationship concrete    

Preparation of hydrogels with uniform and gradient chemical structures using dialdehyde cellulose and

Peiwen Liu, Carsten Mai, Kai Zhang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 383-389 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1718-7

Abstract: In addition, a method for in situ preparation of gradient hydrogels is still lacking.Herein, we report the formation of hydrogels with either uniform or gradient internal structures viaAs-prepared hydrogels exhibited uniform microscopic and chemical structure or gradient distribution ofMoreover, this controllable process of aerating NH3 gas allows the in situ formation of gradienthydrogels; for instance, by using cyanamide as a reaction counterpart, gradient hydrogels with gradient

Keywords: hydrogel     uniform     gradient     dialdehyde cellulose     ammonia gas     diamine    

Recent advances in SERS detection of perchlorate

Jumin Hao, Xiaoguang Meng

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3,   Pages 448-464 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1611-9

Abstract: Perchlorate has recently emerged as a widespread environmental contaminant of healthy concern. Development of novel detection methods for perchlorate with the potential for field use has been an urgent need. The investigation has shown that surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique has great potential to become a practical analysis tool for the rapid screening and routine monitoring of perchlorate in the field, particularly when coupled with portable/handheld Raman spectrometers. In this review article, we summarize progress made in SERS analysis of perchlorate in water and other media with an emphasis on the development of SERS substrates for perchlorate detection. The potential of this technique for fast screening and field testing of perchlorate-contaminated environmental samples is discussed. The challenges and possible solutions are also addressed, aiming to provide a better understanding on the development directions in the research field.

Keywords: perchlorate     SERS     detection     substrate     modification     nanostructure    

A three-dimensional two-level gradient smoothing meshfree method for rainfall induced landslide simulations

Dongdong WANG, Jiarui WANG, Junchao WU, Junjun DENG, Ming SUN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 337-352 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0467-5

Abstract: A three-dimensional two-level gradient smoothing meshfree method is presented for rainfall induced landslideIt is shown that due to the successive gradient smoothing operation without the requirement of derivativecomputation in the present formulation, the two-level smoothed gradient of meshfree shape function iscapable of achieving a given influence domain more efficiently than the standard gradient of meshfreeSubsequently, the two-level smoothed gradient of meshfree shape function is employed to discretize the

Keywords: meshfree method     landslide     rainfall     three-dimensional two-level gradient smoothing     nodal integration    

Effects of gradient concentration on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of LiNi

Wenming Li, Weijian Tang, Maoqin Qiu, Qiuge Zhang, Muhammad Irfan, Zeheng Yang, Weixin Zhang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 6,   Pages 988-996 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1918-9

Abstract: The design of gradient concentration (GC) particles with Ni-rich inside and Mn-rich outside is provedrationally-designed co-precipitation process for fabricating the Ni-rich layered cathode materials with gradient

Keywords: gradient concentration     Ni-rich     LiNi0.6Co0.2-Mn0.2O2     electrochemical    

Title Author Date Type Operation

Aerobic granular sludge formation based on substrate availability: Effects of flow pattern and fermentation

Quan Yuan, Hui Gong, Hao Xi, Kaijun Wang

Journal Article

Effect of streambed substrate on macroinvertebrate biodiversity

DUAN Xuehua, WANG Zhaoyin, TIAN Shimin

Journal Article

prediction and optimization design of sustainable concrete based on squirrel search algorithm-extreme gradient

Journal Article

Vibration analysis of nano-structure multilayered graphene sheets using modified strain gradient theory

Amir ALLAHBAKHSHI,Masih ALLAHBAKHSHI

Journal Article

V-shaped substrate for surface and volume enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis of microplastics

Journal Article

Velocity gradient elasticity for nonlinear vibration of carbon nanotube resonators

Hamid M. SEDIGHI, Hassen M. OUAKAD

Journal Article

Elastic modulus and thermal stress in coating during heat cycling with different substrate shapes

Daniel GAONA,Alfredo VALAREZO

Journal Article

Predicting shear strength of slender beams without reinforcement using hybrid gradient boosting trees

Thuy-Anh NGUYEN; Hai-Bang LY; Van Quan TRAN

Journal Article

Gradient-based compressive image fusion

Yang CHEN,Zheng QIN

Journal Article

Crk-associated substrate, vascular smooth muscle and hypertension

TANG Dale

Journal Article

Influence of freeze–thaw damage gradient on stress–strain relationship of stressed concrete

Journal Article

Preparation of hydrogels with uniform and gradient chemical structures using dialdehyde cellulose and

Peiwen Liu, Carsten Mai, Kai Zhang

Journal Article

Recent advances in SERS detection of perchlorate

Jumin Hao, Xiaoguang Meng

Journal Article

A three-dimensional two-level gradient smoothing meshfree method for rainfall induced landslide simulations

Dongdong WANG, Jiarui WANG, Junchao WU, Junjun DENG, Ming SUN

Journal Article

Effects of gradient concentration on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of LiNi

Wenming Li, Weijian Tang, Maoqin Qiu, Qiuge Zhang, Muhammad Irfan, Zeheng Yang, Weixin Zhang

Journal Article